Parasites Gastro-intestinaux de Microcebus murinus de la Forêt Littorale de Mandena, Madagascar
|
Madagascar Conservation & Development, vol 4, no 1: pp. 52-62.
|
Madagascar Wildlife Conservation (2009).
|
|
Stapled Printout
|
Abstract (French)
|
|
Ce travail avait pour but de décrire les parasites gastro-intestinaux du lémurien Microcebus murinus de la forêt littorale fragmentée de Mandena et d'évaluer l'analyse des parasites basée sur des échantillons de fèces. Des matières fécales au nombre de 427 provenant de 169 individus de M. murinus vivant dans cinq fragments de forêt ont été analysées. Trois individus de M. murinus ont été sacrifiés et autopsiés en vue d'une identification des vers parasite qui ont pondu chaque type d'oeuf trouvé dans les excréments et afin de voir leurs localisations dans le tube digestif de l'animal. Microcebus murinus héberge neuf espèces de parasites gastro-intestinaux dont six nématodes avec une espèce non-identifiée d'Ascarididae, une espèce de Subuluridae du genre Subulura, une espèce de l'ordre des Strongylida et du genre Trichuris (Trichuridae), deux espèces d'Oxyuridae dont l'une est du genre Lemuricola et l'autre reste encore non-identifiée, deux cestodes appartenant au genre Hymenolepis (Hymenolepididae) et un protozoaire de l'ordre des Coccidia. Comparés à toutes les études déjà faites auparavant sur les parasites gastro-intestinaux de M. murinus, les parasites hébergés par les microcèbes de Mandena appartiennent à d'autres espèces que celles qui étaient déjà connues pour infester cette espèce de lémurien. De cette étude, je suggère que le nombre d'oeufs et de larves de Subulura sp. trouvés dans les matières fécales pourrait refléter l'intensité de l'infestation des microcèbes par cette espèce de parasite.
|
Abstract (English)
|
|
So far parasitological studies were concentrated on large primates such as apes and monkeys. This is probably due to epidemiological interest because apes, which are genetically closer to humans, are known to be a reservoir of certain pests and diseases fatal to humans and vice versa. Prosimian gastrointestinal parasites are less studied. The goal of this project was to assess and describe the gastro-intestinal parasites of the lemur species Microcebus murinus from the littoral forest fragments of Mandena, southeastern Madagascar. In addition I wanted to evaluate the utility of determining gastro-intestinal parasite loads based on fecal samples. From April 2003 to October 2005, a total of 427 fecal samples from 169 different individuals of M. murinus from five forest fragments were Parasites gastro-intestinaux de Microcebus murinus de la forêt littorale de Mandena, Madagascar Brigitte M. RaharivololonaI Département d'Anthropologie et de Biologie Évolutive Faculté des Sciences B.P. 906 Université d'Antananarivo Antananarivo 101, Madagascar E-mail: raharivololonabrigitte@yahoo.fr analyzed to assess the parasite species richness of this lemur species based on parasite larvae and egg morphology. Three individuals of M. murinus were also sacrified in order to look for adult worms for identification and confirmation of parasite species, and to localize their gastro-intestinal parasites in the digestive tract. Screening all fecal samples by using the modified technique of the McMaster flotation, I noted that Microcebus murinus harbored nine different forms of intestinal parasites, and six of them were nematodes: a member of the Ascarididae family, one species of the Subuluridae family represented by the genus Subulura, an unidentified Strongylida, a species of the genus Trichuris (Trichuridae), two forms of the Oxyuridae family, one from the genus Lemuricola and the other still unidentified. For the Plathelminthes, two cestodes of the genus Hymenolepis (Hymenolepididae) were found and one species of Protozoa, belonging to the Coccidia order. These gastrointestinal parasites of M. murinus from Mandena have not been described as parasites of M. murinus yet. The cestode infection of this lemur deserves special attention because no study has reported lemurs infected by cestodes up to now. Adult worms of the Trichuris species were found in the caecum. I localized Lemuricola worms in the caecum and large intestine. Subulura worms were more abundant in the caecum than in the small and large intestine. A large number of Subulura larvae has been observed in the caecum. As exemplified by the data on Subulura sp. worms in the digestive tract of M. murinus, the number of nematode parasite eggs and larvae found in the feces are correlated with the intensity of infection in the digestive tract.
|
Keywords (French)
|
|
Microcebus murinus; infestation parasitaire; morphologie; nématodes; cestodes; protozoaires
|
Keywords (English)
|
|
Microcebus murinus; parasites; lemurs; primates; Nematoda; Cestoda; Protozoa
|
Condition of Item
|
|
Very good.
Refer to the glossary for definitions of terms used to describe the condition of items.
|
